source/projects/shoggoth/src/python/ichor/isa.py

"""The instruction set for Shogoth."""

from abc import ABC
from dataclasses import dataclass


@dataclass
class Label(object):
    name: str

    def __hash__(self):
        return hash(self.name)


class Opcode(ABC):
    pass


@dataclass
class GOTO(Opcode):
    """() -> ()

    Branch to another point within the same bytecode segment. The target MUST be
    within the same module range as the current function. Branching does NOT
    update the name or module of the current function.

    """

    target: int

################################################################################
# Stack manipulation
################################################################################
# https://wiki.laptop.org/go/Forth_stack_operators
# https://www.forth.com/starting-forth/2-stack-manipulation-operators-arithmetic/
# https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se18/html/jvms-6.html#jvms-6.5.swap

@dataclass
class DUP(Opcode):
    """(A, B, ...) -> (A, B, ...)

    Duplicate the top N items of the stack.

    """

    nargs: int = 1


@dataclass
class ROT(Opcode):
    """(A, B, ... Z) -> (Z, A, B, ...)

    Rotate the top N elements of the stack.

    """

    nargs: int = 2

@dataclass
class DROP(Opcode):
    """(*) -> ()

    Drop the top N items of the stack.

    """

    nargs: int = 1


@dataclass
class SLOT(Opcode):
    """(..., A) -> (A, ..., A)

    Copy the Nth (counting up from 0 at the bottom of the stack) item to the top
    of the stack. Intended to allow users to emulate (immutable) frame local
    slots for reused values.

    """

    target: int

################################################################################
# Functional abstraction
################################################################################

@dataclass
class IDENTIFIERC(Opcode):
    """() -> (IDENTIFIER)

    An inline constant which produces an identifier to the stack.

    Identifiers name functions, fields and types but are not strings.
    They are a VM-internal naming structure with reference to the module.

    """

    val: str


@dataclass
class FUNREF(Opcode):
    """(IDENTIFIER) -> (`FUNREF<... A to ... B>`)

    Construct a reference to a static codepoint.

    """

@dataclass
class CALLF(Opcode):
    """(`FUNREF<... A to ... B>`, ... A) -> (... B)

    Call [funref]

    Make a dynamic call to the function reference at the top of stack.
    The callee will see a stack containg only the provided `nargs`.
    A subsequent RETURN will return execution to the next point.

    Executing a `CALL` pushes the name and module path of the current function.

    """

    nargs: int = 0

@dataclass
class RETURN(Opcode):
    """(... A) -> ()

    Return to the source of the last `CALL`. The returnee will see the top
    `nargs` values of the present stack appended to theirs. All other values on
    the stack will be discarded.

    Executing a `RETURN` pops (restores) the name and module path of the current
    function back to that of the caller.

    If the call stack is empty, `RETURN` will exit the interpreter.

    """


@dataclass
class CLOSUREF(Opcode):
    """(`FUNREF<A, ... B to ... C>`, A) -> (`CLOSURE<... B to ... C>`)

    Construct a closure over the function reference at the top of the stack.
    This may produce nullary closures.

    """

    nargs: int = 0


@dataclass
class CLOSUREC(Opcode):
    """(`CLOSURE<A, ... B to ... C>`, A) -> (`CLOSURE<... B to ... C>`)

    Further close over the closure at the top of the stack. This may produce
    nullary closures.

    """

    nargs: int = 0


class CALLC(Opcode):
    """(`CLOSURE<... A to ... B>`, ... A) -> (... B)

    Call [closure]

    Make a dynamic call to the closure at the top of stack. The callee will see
    a stack containg only the provided `nargs` and closed-overs. A subsequent
    RETURN will return execution to the next point.

    Executing a `CALL` pushes the name and module path of the current function.

    """

    nargs: int = 0

################################################################################
# Structures
################################################################################

# FIXME: This lacks any sort of way to do dynamic type/field references

@dataclass
class TYPEREF(Opcode):
    """(IDENTIFIER) -> (TYPEREF)

    Produces a TYPEREF to the type named by the provided IDENTIFIER.

    """


@dataclass
class ARMREF(Opcode):
    """(TYPEREF, IDENTIFIER) -> (VARIANTREF)

    Produce a VARIANTREF to an 'arm' of the given variant type.

    """


@dataclass
class ARM(Opcode):
    """(ARMTREF<a ⊢ A ⊂ B>, ...) -> (B)

    Construct an instance of an 'arm' of a variant.
    The type of the 'arm' is considered to be the type of the whole variant.

    The name and module path of the current function MUST match the name and
    module path of `VARIANTREF`. The arity of this opcode MUST match the arity
    of the arm. The signature of the arm MUST match the signature fo the top N
    of the stack.

    """

    nargs: int = 0


@dataclass
class ATEST(Opcode):
    """(ARMREF<a ⊢ A ⊂ B>, B) -> ()

    Test whether B is a given arm of a variant A .
    If it is, branch to the given target.
    Otherwise fall through.

    """

    target: int


@dataclass
class ALOAD(Opcode):
    """(ARMREF<a ⊢ A ⊂ B>, B) -> (A)

    Load the value of the variant arm. VLOAD errors (undefined) if B is not
    within the variant. VLOAD errors (undefined) if the value in B is not an A -
    use VTEST as needed.

    """


@dataclass
class BREAK(Opcode):
    """Abort the interpreter."""